GERMANY Old ROCKET Mail, Pioneers Nebel + Zucker Signed Pic PPC Card +Label LOOK

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GERMANY Old ROCKET Mail, Pioneers Nebel + Zucker Signed Pic PPC Card +Label LOOK
GERMANY Old ROCKET Mail, Pioneers Nebel + Zucker Signed Pic PPC Card +Label LOOK
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Description
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Rudolf Nebel
(21 March 1894 – 18 September 1978) was a spaceflight advocate active in
Germany
's amateur rocket group, the
Verein für Raumschiffahrt
(VfR – "Spaceflight Society") in the 1930s and in rebuilding German rocketry following
World War II
.
Early life and involvement in World War I
Nebel was born in
Weißenburg
. During the
First World War
he served in the
Luftstreitkräfte
as a fighter pilot with
Jagdstaffel 5
, pioneering the use of unguided air-launched signal rockets as offensive armament from a German fighter aircraft in the Luftstreitkräfte while flying the
Halberstadt D.II
in early 1916, even forcing down two British aircraft with the improvised rocket armament. Following the war, the former
Leutnant
Nebel earned a degree in
engineering
.
Activities in civilian rocketry and politics before the Second World War
He was an early member of the VfR and assisted with
Hermann Oberth
's failed
publicity stunt
on behalf of the group to launch a rocket at the premiere of
Fritz Lang
's film
Frau im Mond
(
Woman in the Moon
). Despite this failure, Nebel continued to seek sponsorship from the
Reichswehr
as well as individuals as diverse as
Adolf Hitler
and
Albert Einstein
.
Nebel acted very much as the group's spokesperson, organising the donation of materials from various local businesses, and negotiating with the
Berlin
municipal council for the use of a disused ammunition dump for the VfR's launch site or
Raketenflugplatz
. He later talked the
Magdeburg
council into funding the launch of a rocket with a human passenger on board, a scheme that never materialised.
His right-wing politics and affiliation with the paramilitary veterans' organization
Der Stahlhelm
sat easily with his promotion of the possible military uses of rockets. Despite this, he had a difficult relationship with
Karl Becker
of the
Army Weapons Office
. Becker distrusted Nebel's showmanship and publicity seeking and by May 1931 had temporarily cut off official contact with him. In April 1932, Becker accepted a proposal from Nebel for army funding of a rocket launch on the condition that certain criteria were met. The launch on 22 June of that year was a failure and Nebel and his crew received no payment for the attempt. When Becker offered to bring the team into a strictly controlled army rocketry project, Nebel refused, saying that he and his colleagues had invented the technology and that the army would "choke us with their red tape". Conversely,
Wernher von Braun
accepted the offer.
Von Braun later tried again during the war to have him join, but by now the
SS
regarded Nebel as untrustworthy and had von Braun cease his attempts.
Post-war career
After
World War II
, Nebel was quick to encourage Germany to recommence rocket research. He participated in the first meetings of the
International Astronautical Federation
and held a public lecture in
Cuxhaven
in 1951 that set in motion a chain of events that led to the old military base being re-opened for rocket launching until the mid-1960s.
He died in
Düsseldorf
.
Nebel, whose name means "fog" in
German
, is often incorrectly named as the inventor of the
Nebelwerfer
("fog launcher") system of rocket artillery used by the
Wehrmacht
(German army) in World War II. This secret weapon was given its name as a
disinformation
strategy designed to lead spies into thinking that it was merely a device for creating a
smoke screen
.
------------
-------------------------
Gerhard Zucker
(1908–1985) was a
German
businessman and rocket engineer.
Biography
Born in
Hasselfelde
, he first came to public notice in 1931, when he began to work on the problem of
transporting mail by rocket
. In 1933 he performed several experiments in the
Harz
and at
Cuxhaven
. In 1934, he emigrated to the
UK
, where he attempted to interest the British government in his rocket.
After a failed rocket demonstration for officials of the British
Royal Mail
on July 31, 1934, he was deported to Germany, where he was arrested on suspicion of cooperating with the British. During
World War II
he served in the
Luftwaffe
.
After World War II, he moved across the border to
West Germany
, to the part of the
Harz
in
Lower Saxony
, where he became a furniture dealer. He continued his rocket experiments until, at a rocket demonstration on May 7, 1964 on the
Hasselkopf
Mountain near
Braunlage
, an accident occurred which killed three people. This accident led to a ban on civilian rocket research in
West Germany
, ending the rocket experiments of the
Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft
(Hermann Oberth Society) and the
Berthold Seliger Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH
(Berhold Seliger Research and Development Society).
In the 1970s Gerhard Zucker once again began launching mail rockets.
Zucker in popular culture
A movie based on Zucker's attempts with mail rockets at Scarp was made in 2004, called
The Rocket Post
, starring
Ulrich Thomsen
as Zucker.
In October 2011, Canadian Wilfred Ashley McIsaac resurrected the Zucker legacy in eastern Ontario, Canada after launching a scale solid fuel ARCAS rocket with Gerhard Zucker 'First Canadian Rocket-Flight' stamps on board. Zucker himself produced the postal stamps for a May 1936 exhibit in New York City. The stamps were never used until McIsaac launched them 75 years later on October 31, 2011.
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